Ukuqaphela ekukhetheni udokotela wamazinyo kuyindaba ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kwamazinyo okubuyisela esimweni igama elinikezwe okukhethekile okuphathelene nezicubu eziqinile zezinyo, ukuxilonga, ukulandela nokwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane noma ezingezona amagciwane noma izinkinga zobuhle ezikhona. Ngaphezu kokuqeda izikhalazo zeziguli ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ukubuyiswa komsebenzi olahlekile kanye ne-aesthetics kwenziwa kulokhu okukhethekile. Umnyango Wokudokotela Wamazinyo Okubuyisela Esimeni uhlale uhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zezempilo zakamuva nezekhwalithi ngokusetshenziswa kwemishini emisha, izinto ezintsha nezindlela ezintsha zokwelapha ezihambisana nentuthuko yesayensi.
Ngokwelashwa kwamazinyo okubuyisela, ukuxilongwa kokuqala kwe-caries kanye nokuhlelwa kokwelashwa, ukwelashwa kokuzwela kwe-dentin, izindlela zokwelapha ezilondolozayo, ukwelashwa okubalulekile kwe-pulp, ukubuyiselwa kwe-inlay ne-onlay, izicelo ezihlangene eziqondile, ukuklama kokumamatheka, ukufakwa kwezinyo mhlophe, ukubuyiselwa kwe-laminate kwenziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwezinkinga zamazinyo zabantu abakhubazekile, asebekhulile kanye neziguli ze-oncology nazo ziyenziwa.
Ziyini Izimbangela Zokubola Kwamazinyo?
Ukubola kwamazinyo kungavezwa njengokubhujiswa koqweqwe lwawo, okubizwa ngokuthi izicubu eziqinile zezinyo, kanye ne-dentin ngaphansi kwayo, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izicubu eziqinile ezimboza izindawo zempande. Kuyisimo esenzeka lapho ukudla okunama-carbohydrate, njengamakhekhe, ushokoledi, i-cola kanye nokuphuma kweziphuzo ezinoshukela ezinoshukela kuhlangana nezinyo isikhathi eside.
Kunezigaba ezahlukene zokubola kwamazinyo. Ngasinye salezi zigaba sinezimpawu nezingozi ezahlukene. Zimbalwa kakhulu izimpawu ezenzeka ngokubola. Njengoba ubukhulu bawo bukhula futhi izimbotshana zikhula, kuba nezimo zokuzwela okukhulayo kokudla okushisayo nokubandayo kanye noshukela. Ngezinye izikhathi kubonakala futhi ukuthi ukubola kwamazinyo kubangela izimo ezibuhlungu njalo. Uma ukwelashwa kwe-caries kwamazinyo kungenziwanga, izinyo litheleleka ngoba i-caries ifinyelela emthanjeni. Amagciwane ezinyo angabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, imfiva, ukuvuvukala kobuso, kanye nezimo zethumba. Ngokuzayo, uma ukucwiliswa kwamazinyo kungakangeneleli, lokhu kungase kudinge ukwelashwa komgudu wezimpande noma ukukhishwa kwamazinyo.
Kubalulekile ukuxubha amazinyo ngokuphumelelayo kabili ngosuku ukuvimbela ukubola kwamazinyo. Izixubho ezifanele kanye nomuthi wokuxubha okunconywe odokotela bamazinyo kufanele kusetshenziswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela njalo nge-dental floss kanye ne-mouthwash nokuya kudokotela wamazinyo njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Iyini i-Composite Filling?
Kunezinto ezihlukene ze-organic kanye ne-inorganic ekugcwaliseni okuyinhlanganisela. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi ukugcwaliswa okumhlophe ngoba inombala wamazinyo. Ukugcwaliswa okuyinhlanganisela kunesici sokumelana nokucindezela kokuhlafuna.Ngaphandle kokumelana nokuhuzuka, kungasetshenziswa kalula kuwo womabili amazinyo angaphambili nangemuva ngenxa yokusondela kwawo embala wezinyo.
Izinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokugcwaliswa okuyinhlanganisela ukubukeka kwazo kobuhle. Njengoba lokhu kugcwaliswa kuhlanganiswe kahle emazinyweni, kusekela izicubu zamazinyo futhi kuvimbele izimo ezinjengokuphuka nokudlulisa ukushisa. I-Composite ayisetshenziselwa ukubuyisela ama-caries kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasetshenziswa kalula emiphumeleni yezimonyo ngokushintsha umbala nokuma kwamazinyo. Ukungalungi kokugcwaliswa okuhlanganisiwe ukuthi kukhona ukuzwela emazinyweni ngemva kwenqubo. Gcwalisa imibala ingase ishintshe kancane ngenxa yokudla okunemibala njengetiye, ikhofi.
Kwenziwe Kanjani Ukugcwaliswa Okuhlanganisiwe?
Ukugcwaliswa okuhlanganisiwe kufakwa ngendlela enezingqimba emgodini owenziwe ngemva kokususwa kwezicubu zezinyo ezinamahloni futhi zonke izingqimba ziqiniswe ngokukhanya okukhethekile. Ngemva kokuba inqubo isiqediwe, ukugcwaliswa okuhlanganisiwe kuyabunjwa futhi kuhlelwe ngokuvumelana nezinyo. Ubude besikhathi sokugcwaliswa okuhlanganisiwe emlonyeni buyahlukahluka phakathi kweminyaka engu-7-10. Ngenxa yokugcwalisa okuhlanganisiwe, kungenzeka ukubuyisela ukulahlekelwa okukhulu emazinyweni angaphambili. Ukuqapha ngenkathi uluma kuzokwandisa impilo yalokhu kubuyiselwa. Indaba okufanele icatshangelwe emazinyweni abuyiselwe ngenxa yokuguga ukukhetha kwezixubho ezingaqinile kakhulu.
Iyini i-Amalgam Filling?
Ukugcwaliswa kwe-Amalgam kwaziwa nangokuthi ukugcwaliswa kwesiliva. Lokhu kugcwaliswa kutholakala ngokuxuba isiliva, ithusi, i-mercury ne-tin. I-Mercury, eyenza cishe u-50% wengxube, yenza izinsimbi zihlanganiswe ndawonye futhi kutholwe into ehlala isikhathi eside yokugcwalisa. Ukugcwaliswa kwe-Amalgam kwakhiwe futhi kwasetshenziswa iminyaka eminingi. Lokhu kugcwaliswa kusiza ukuvikela amazinyo amaningi futhi awagcine emlonyeni. Ukugcwaliswa kwe-Amalgam kudonsela ukunaka ngezakhiwo zabo eziqinile nemishini. Inesici sokwelashwa okuhlala isikhathi eside, okuqinile, okusebenziseka kalula, futhi okunezindleko eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinketho zokubuyisela.
Ingabe i-Mercury ekugcwaliseni i-Amalgam Iyingozi?
I-mercury yamahhala ingathinta amaseli ezinzwa ebuchosheni futhi ibangele izifo zemizwa njenge-Alzheimer's. Ukuba khona kwe-mercury ekugcwalisweni kwe-amalgam kubangele ukuzwela mayelana nomthelela walolu hlobo lokubuyisela empilweni yomuntu. Lapho i-mercury ekufakweni kwe-amalgam ihlangana nezinye izinsimbi, ukwakheka kwayo kwamakhemikhali kuyashintsha futhi kungabi nangozi. Inani le-mercury elikhishwe emlonyeni ngenxa yokuhlafuna nokugaya liphansi kakhulu kunenani le-mercury elithathwa emzimbeni ngokusetshenziswa komoya, amanzi kanye nezinhlanzi.
Ekubuyiselweni kwe-amalgam, ukukhululwa kwe-mercury okuphezulu kakhulu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokususwa kwalokhu kugcwaliswa. Ama-absorber aqinile asetshenziswa emitholampilo ukuze anqobe lobu bubi bokugcwaliswa kwe-amalgam. Ngezinhlelo zokugcina udoti, kuyaqinisekiswa ukuthi imiphumela ye-amalgam endaweni iyancipha.
Ukuzwela ukushisa nokubandayo kungase kwenzeke isikhashana ngemva kokugcwalisa i-amalgam. Nakuba kungavamile, abanye abantu bangase babe nokuzwela ngenxa yokuba khona kwezinsimbi ezihlukahlukene emlonyeni noma ukwethulwa kwenye insimbi efana nemfoloko.
Ama-Inlay nama-Onlay Fillers
Uma kwenzeka ukubhujiswa kwamazinyo ngokweqile, kunzima kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthintana okuhle kokugcwaliswa kwe-classical ngamazinyo angomakhelwane. Ngezinye izikhathi cishe akunakwenzeka. Ngokugcwaliswa okunjalo, akulungile ukuthi abantu bathole ukudla kunamathele phakathi kwamazinyo amabili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubangela ukuwohloka kwempilo yezinsini.
Ukubuyiselwa kwe-inlay kanye ne-onlay ukugcwaliswa kwemigodi eyakhiwe ngemva kokususwa kwezicubu zamazinyo ezinesifo ezibolile ngokubuyiselwa okukhiqizwa ezindaweni zaselabhorethri. Lokhu kugcwaliswa kudonsela ukunaka ngeqhaza lakho ekuvikelweni nasekubuyiselweni kwamazinyo anesifo. Ukugcwaliswa kwe-inlay kanye ne-onlay yizinhlelo zokusebenza eziqondene nesiguli ngokuphelele futhi ezenziwa ngokulinganisa amazinyo. Lokhu kugcwaliswa kudonsela ukunakwa njengoba kuyisixazululo esingcono kakhulu uma kungafiswa ukumboza izinyo ngenxa yokwelashwa okulondolozayo ngokususa izicubu zezinyo emazingeni amancane, angenakukwazi ukubuyiselwa ngendlela yokugcwalisa i-classical.
Ukubuyiselwa kwe-Laminated Veneer
Ukubuyiselwa kwe-laminate veneer kukhethwa njengenye indlela esikhundleni se-crown veneers koqweqwe lwawo olukhubazekile, uma kunezikhala phakathi kwamazinyo, ekushintsheni kombala kwamazinyo, amazinyo agobile nagugile, ezigulini ezincane ezinosayizi omkhulu we-pulp. Kuyinqubo yokubuyisela ubuhle eyenziwa ngokunqunywa kwamazinyo amancane, ikakhulukazi emazinyweni angaphambili. Ngenxa yokubuyiselwa kobuhle be-laminated veneer, amazinyo angaphambili angalungiswa ngokushesha nangokuthembekile. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene ze-laminate njenge-composite ne-ceramic.
Ziyizinto ezikhiqizwa kusuka ku-ceramics eziboshwe ngamakhemikhali kusakhiwo sezinyo le-porcelain laminate. Lokhu kubuyiselwa kusetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekwelashweni kobuhle. Ngokungeza izinamathiselo ezikhethekile kanye nokugcwaliswa okuyinhlanganisela ezindaweni zamazinyo eqenjini langaphambili le-laminate veneer elihlanganisiwe, ukubunjwa okufunayo kwenziwa odokotela bamazinyo ukuze benze izithombe zezinyo ezihlanekezelwe zibe zinhle kakhulu.
Kukuziphi Izimo Lapho I-Laminated Veneer Isetshenziswa?
• Indlela yokwelapha i-laminate veneer ingakhethwa kumazinyo agugile ngenxa yokuhlukunyezwa, ukuklwejwa noma aphukile ngesikhathi sengozi. Uma kukhona ukuklwebheka okuncane emazinyweni, ama-veneers ahlanganisiwe noma aminated angakhethwa. Uma izinyo elilodwa lilimele, ukwelashwa kwenziwa nge-porcelain laminate veneer ebukeka ngokwemvelo ehambisana nemibala yamanye amazinyo.
• Uma amazinyo anamabala ngenxa yokugula noma alahlekelwe umbala wawo ngenxa yokuphuza kakhulu ugwayi, itiye nekhofi kungeke kwelashwe ngezindlela zokuba mhlophe, kungase kukhethwe i-laminate tooth veneer.
• Umklamo wokumamatheka wobuhle utholakala ngokuvala izikhala phakathi kwamazinyo kalula nge-laminate veneer.
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Orthodontic kunconywa kuqala ekwelapheni amazinyo ayisigwegwe. Nokho, njengoba i-orthodontics iyindlela yokwelapha yesikhathi eside, indlela ye-laminated veneer ingakhethwa ekwelapheni amazinyo angagwegwile kakhulu. Ama-Laminated veneers anamathele ezingxenyeni zangaphambili zamazinyo, ahlinzeka ngobuhle nokumomotheka okuphelele.
Kungenziwa ngokugcwaliswa kwenhlanganisela ye-laminated veneer noma ngezinhlelo ezisizwa ngekhompyutha ze-CAD-CAM. Kungenzeka ukuqeda ukwelashwa ngosuku olufanayo. Uma i-porcelain laminate veneers ikhiqizwa endaweni yaselabhorethri, ukuqedwa kokwelashwa kuyahluka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-4-7.
Smile Design
Ukuba nokumomotheka okwenza umbono omuhle kubantu kufiswa yiwo wonke umuntu. Nakuba incazelo yokumamatheka okufanele ihluke kuye ngokwabantu ngabanye namasiko, ingamukelwa njengokumamatheka okuhlanganisa amazinyo alinganayo, amhlophe nanempilo emhlabeni wonke. I-Smile design iwumkhakha lapho isayensi nobuciko benziwa ndawonye. Idatha eqoqwe ezigulini ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa inikezwa amamodeli okuxilonga kanye nezilinganiso zesayensi.
Ukuze kuzuzwe umklamo wokumomotheka ophumelelayo, osebenzayo futhi onempilo, elinye lamaphuzu abalulekile okungafanele akhohlwe ngesikhathi sokuklama ukumomotheka ukuthi ukuhleka kwenzeka ngenxa yobuhlobo bezakhiwo eziningi ezifana namathambo, imisipha, izinsini, amalunga. Njengoba ukumamatheka kuyisihloko esithinta izicubu ezihlukene, ukuthola ukumamatheka okufanele kudinga indlela ehlukahlukene ehlanganisa ukwelashwa kwe-periodontal, i-orthodontics, ukuhlinzwa kanye nodokotela bamazinyo bezimonyo.
Amazinyo Whitening Izicelo
Amazinyo anemibala ngenxa yesakhiwo noma imvelo angenziwa bleach kusetshenziswa izinto ezihlukahlukene. Kungenzeka ukuthi ube nokumamatheka okunempilo kakhulu ngamazinyo amhlophe. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingasetshenziswa kakhulu ezigulini ezincane nezindala eziqede ukukhula kwamazinyo. Ukuze ugweme izinkinga ezifana nokuzwela kwamazinyo, kungaba kuhle ukwenza izicelo zokucwenga amazinyo emilonyeni enempilo. Ngalesi sizathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi iziguli ziqedele ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zamazinyo ngaphambi kokuba amazinyo abe mhlophe. Amazinyo aphelelwe ubumhlophe noma aqhubeka nokulahlekelwa impumelelo yawo yombala mahle kakhulu.
Ingabe Amazinyo Azobuyela Esimeni Sawo Esidala Ngemva Kokuba Mhlophe?
Amazinyo abe mhlophe amazinyo azobukeka engcono kakhulu futhi emhlophe kunakuqala. Impilo yokwelashwa iyehluka kuye ngeziguli. Ukudla iziguli ezikudlayo nezikuphuzayo kuthinta impilo yamazinyo amhlophe. Itiye nekhofi yizibonelo zokudla okunemibala. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuze kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwalokhu kudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunakekelwa ngomlomo nakho kubaluleke kakhulu. Kuye ngokushintsha kombala, ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kungase kudingeke kanye ngonyaka.
Zenziwa Kanjani Izinqubo Zokuba Amazinyo Abamhlophe?
Kungenzeka ukwenza amazinyo ahlukahlukene izinqubo mhlophe. Ukwenza mhlophe kwehhovisi kungenye yalezi zinhlelo zokusebenza. Kulolu hlobo lwenqubo yokwenza mhlophe, ijeli isetshenziswa kakhulu. Emsebenzini wokuba mhlophe kwehhovisi, kungenzeka ukukhanyisa amazinyo ngamasethi amabili noma amathathu ezinqubo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kungenzeka ukuzuza imiphumela eyimpumelelo kakhulu ngamazinyo asehhovisi abe mhlophe.
Ngaphambi kokuba inqubo yokuhlanza amazinyo yenziwe, amatshe amazinyo ayahlanzwa. Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo, amazinyo abantu ahlukanisiwe. Ukufakwa kwejeli lokuzivikela nakho kusetshenziselwa izinsini. Khona-ke, ijeli emhlophe isetshenziswa ezindaweni zamazinyo. Uma kunesidingo, izinqubo zokumhlophe zingathatha izikhathi ezimbili noma ezintathu ngezikhathi ezithile. Kungenzeka ukuqonda umehluko ngemva kokuba ama-gel emazinyweni ehlanzwa. Iziguli zidinga ukulinda amahora angu-24 ukuze izinqubo zokuba mhlophe zibonakale ngokugcwele. Ngenxa yale ndlela, amazinyo angaba mhlophe esikhathini esingangehora.
Ukwenziwa mhlophe kwamazinyo ekhaya kuyindlela yesibili yokwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe. Ipuleti elimhlophe elikhethekile lilungiselelwa iziguli ngodokotela bamazinyo. Ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezimhlophe isikhathi esithile, kungenzeka ukwenza amazinyo abe mhlophe ngamathunzi amabili noma amathathu. Kuye ngombala wamazinyo, izinqubo zokuhlanza amazinyo ekhaya nasehhovisi zingenziwa ngokubambisana.
I-Computer Aid CAD-CAM Restorations
Amasistimu asizwa ngekhompyutha avumela ukwelashwa kwamazinyo okwenziwa ngokukhathazeka kobuhle ukuthi kwenziwe ngesikhathi esifushane kuyakhethwa. Ukwelashwa kwamazinyo ngobuhle njengokufakwa kwe-laminate, ukugcwaliswa kwe-porcelain, izicelo ezigcwele zebhuloho le-ceramic zingaqedwa ngeseshini eyodwa ngale ndlela. Ngemva kokusikwa kwezinyo, izithombe ezithathwe ngamakhamera edijithali zidluliselwa kumidiya yedijithali nge-3D.
Odokotela neziguli bangakwazi ukuhlola kalula ukubukeka kwamazinyo amasha endaweni yekhompyutha. Ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi, amazinyo amasha alungiswa idivayisi ngokukhuhla emabhuloki e-porcelain akhethekile. Ngale ndlela, kungenzeka ukufinyelela izixazululo zamazinyo zobuhle ngosuku olulodwa ngaphandle kokuphinda futhi ngaphandle kokuba nezinkinga zokucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuzwela ngenxa yokulinganisa. Ama-porcelain enziwe ngalolu hlelo aluqukethe izinto zensimbi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokudlulisa ukukhanya, izakhiwo zobuhle ezifana namazinyo emvelo ziyatholakala.
Yiziphi Izimbangela Zokuguga Kwamazinyo kanye Nezindlela Zokwelapha?
Ukuxubha amazinyo kakhulu, ukudla ukudla okune-asidi kakhulu neziphuzo, ukusebenzisa umuthi wokuxubha okungalungile, ukusebenzisa izixubho kakhulu, ukusebenzisa isixubho esingalungile kubangela imihuzuko emazinyweni nasezindaweni zezinsini. Ukugqoka ngokweqile kungase kubangele izimo ezibuhlungu nezizwela ezithinta ukunethezeka kwempilo ezigulini.
Emazinyweni lapho ukulahlekelwa kwezinto kukhulu kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwela kanye nezicubu ze-koqweqwe lwawo kubangela ukubonakala kwezicubu eziphuzi ngezansi. Kulokhu, i-laser deensitization, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ejenti eqeda ukuzwela, ukukhanya okuyinhlanganisela emazinyweni anokulahlekelwa kwempahla eningi, kuyizindlela zokwelapha zokudambisa ukuzwela.
Yini Okufanele Yenziwe Ekuphuke Izinyo?
Ngenxa yokuhlukumezeka kwamazinyo, ukuphuka kungase kwenzeke ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Lezi ziphuka, ezihluka ngokuya ngobukhulu kanye nesifunda sokuhlukumezeka, ngezinye izikhathi zibonakala ngeso lenyama. Ezimweni ezifanayo;
• Indawo ephukile kufanele ihlanzwe ngebhola likakotini elihlanzekile.
• Izinyo akufanele lithintwe ngesandla.
• Ukongiwa kwengxenye ephukile kubaluleke kakhulu.
Kuye ngesimo sezinyo, ukwelashwa okuhlukene kungase kukhethwe ekwelapheni ukuphuka kwezinyo. Izinqubo ezifana nokunamathisela ingxenye ephukile endaweni, ukubuyisela izingxenye eziphukile ngokugcwalisa, ukusebenzisa imithi yokwelapha izimpande ezinyoni uma kwenzeka izinzwa zivezwa zingenziwa. Ukungenelela ngokushesha ezimweni ezibuhlungu kanye nokuphuka kwamazinyo kubaluleke kakhulu.
Izintengo Zokwelashwa Kwamazinyo eTurkey
I-Turkey ingelinye lamazwe athuthuke kakhulu ekwelashweni kwamazinyo. Ngalesi sizathu, idonsela ukunaka njengoba ivame ukuthandwa kwezokuvakasha kwezempilo. Izintengo zokwelashwa kwamazinyo eTurkey nazo zinenzuzo ngoba azithengeki. Odokotela bamazinyo eTurkey bangochwepheshe kakhulu futhi izinqubo zenziwa emitholampilo enazo zonke izinto. Ungathola ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nezintengo zokwelashwa kwamazinyo, odokotela bamazinyo abangcono kakhulu nemitholampilo yaseTurkey ngokusithinta.
Shiya Amazwana